| Melanophryniscus admirabilis | Di-Bernardo, Maneyro & Grillo, 2006 | |
| Melanophryniscus alipioi | Langone, Segalla, Bornschein & de Sá, 2008 | |
| Melanophryniscus atroluteus | (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) | Melanophryniscus stelzneri atroluteus (Gallardo, 1961) |
| Melanophryniscus biancae | Corrêa, Morato, & Pie, 2015 | |
| Melanophryniscus cambaraensis | Braun & Braun, 1979 | |
| Melanophryniscus cupreuscapularis | Céspedez & Álvarez, 2000 | |
| Melanophryniscus devincenzii | Klappenbach, 1968 | |
| Melanophryniscus dorsalis | (Mertens, 1933) | Melanophryniscus stelzneri dorsalis (Gallardo, 1961) |
| Melanophryniscus estebani | Céspedez, 2008 | |
| Melanophryniscus fulvoguttatus | (Mertens, 1937) | Melanophryniscus stelzneri fulvoguttatus (Gallardo, 1961) |
| Melanophryniscus klappenbachi | Prigioni & Langone, 2000 | |
| Melanophryniscus krauczuki | Baldo & Basso, 2004 | |
| Melanophryniscus langonei | Maneyro, Naya & Baldo, 2008 | |
| Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus | Braun, 1973 | |
| Melanophryniscus milanoi | Bornschein, Firkowski, Baldo, Ribeiro, Belmonte-Lopes, Corrêa, Morato, & Pie, 2015 | |
| Melanophryniscus montevidensis | (Philippi, 1902) | Melanophryniscus stelzneri montevidensis (Klappenbach, 1968) |
| Melanophryniscus moreirae | (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) | |
| Melanophryniscus pachyrhynus | (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) | |
| Melanophryniscus paraguayensis | Céspedez & Motte, 2007 | |
| Melanophryniscus peritus | Caramaschi & Cruz, 2011 | |
| Melanophryniscus rubriventris | (McDiarmid, 1971) | Melanophryniscus rubriventris rubriventris (Laurent, 1973)
Melanophryniscus rubriventris toldosensis (Laurent, 1973)
Melanophryniscus rubriventris subconcolor (Laurent, 1973) |
| Melanophryniscus sanmartini | Klappenbach, 1968 | |
| Melanophryniscus setiba | Peloso, Faivovich, Grant, Gasparini & Haddad, 2012 | |
| Melanophryniscus simplex | Caramaschi & Cruz, 2002 | |
| Melanophryniscus spectabilis | Caramaschi & Cruz, 2002 | |
| Melanophryniscus stelzneri | (Weyenbergh, 1875) | Melanophryniscus stelzneri stelzneri (Gallardo, 1961) |
| Melanophryniscus tumifrons | (Boulenger, 1905) | |
| Melanophryniscus vilavelhensis | Steinbach-Padilha, 2008) | |
| Melanophryniscus xanthostomus | Bornschein, Firkowski, Baldo, Ribeiro, Belmonte-Lopes, Corrêa, Morato, & Pie, 2015 | |