Andean siskin measuring 13–14 cm, easily recognized by its very noticeable gray facial mask. The male has a yellow head and underparts, with an ashy-gray back, wings, and flanks, and a yellow rump that stands out both in flight and at rest. Bill short, conical, gray. The female is duller: softer yellow on the head and belly, and a browner tone on the gray upperparts. Both sexes show a general two-tone yellow–gray pattern.
Distribution: Central Andes from central and southern Peru, across the Bolivian Altiplano, northern Chile, and northwestern Argentina in Jujuy, Salta, Catamarca, and Tucumán, where it occurs above 3,600 m in the Cumbres Calchaquíes. Found between 3,500 and 4,800 m. Mainly sedentary, with regional altitudinal movements.
Habitat: Puna grasslands, rocky slopes, wetlands (bofedales), scattered shrubs, and grazed areas.
Behavior: Forages on the ground, alone, in pairs, or in small groups; outside the breeding season it forms larger flocks. Often mixes with other siskins and with yal species in humid areas or near water. Song consists of metallic trills and fast repeating phrases, combining sharp notes, chirps, and liquid warbles. Commonly sings from rocks and fences.
Diet: Mainly seeds collected from the ground; also takes small arthropods, especially during the breeding season.
Reproduction: Nests in cavities in earthen banks, rocky slopes, mud walls, or human structures. Builds a small cup of fine grasses at the back of the tunnel. Lays 4 white eggs with grayish or cinnamon speckles.
Conservation status: Not considered threatened. In Argentina it is locally scarce above 3,500 m.
Authors of this compilation: Diego Carus and Maria Belén Dri – 06/12/2025