It is one of the largest gulls in the Southern Hemisphere, with a robust build and imposing presence. Adult plumage is marked by jet-black wings and back, contrasting sharply with the white head, neck, and underparts. The bill is strong and yellow, featuring a distinct red spot on the lower mandible, and the legs are yellowish-green. Juveniles are mottled brown and gradually acquire adult plumage over several years.
Geographic distribution: It has a wide distribution across the Southern Hemisphere, occurring along the coasts of South America, southern Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and many subantarctic islands. In Argentina, it is common along most of the Atlantic coast and also appears inland near large water bodies, particularly in winter.
Habitat: It primarily inhabits coastal environments, including beaches, cliffs, estuaries, harbors, and rocky shores. It also frequents lakes, rivers, landfills, and urban areas, demonstrating a high level of adaptability to human-altered landscapes.
Feeding: This species is omnivorous and highly opportunistic, feeding on fish, mollusks, crustaceans, carrion, eggs and chicks of other birds, as well as human food waste. Its dietary flexibility allows it to exploit both marine and terrestrial resources.
Behavior: It shows bold and dominant behavior, especially at feeding and resting sites. Individuals may be seen alone, in pairs, or in flocks, and often display aggressive interactions with other birds. It is mainly diurnal, foraging both on the wing and on foot.
Nesting: It nests in colonies, usually on the ground in islands, beaches, cliffs, or elevated open areas. The nest consists of a shallow scrape, sometimes lined with vegetation or debris. The typical clutch includes 2 to 3 eggs, incubated by both parents, which also actively defend the nesting area and care for the chicks.
Conservation status: It is classified as Least Concern, with large and generally stable populations. In some regions, population increases have been noted, largely due to food availability linked to human activities.
Author of this compilation: EcoRegistros – 22/12/2025