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Epargyreus tmolis

Epargyreus tmolis

Plateada Común

Family: Hesperiidae
Order: Lepidoptera
Class: Insecta
Phylum / Division: Arthropoda
Kingdom: Animalia

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Records from Reserva Privada El Potrero de San Lorenzo, Gualeguaychú


Description


Exhibits a robust and vigorous morphology typical of the Hesperiidae family, with a wingspan that generally ranges between 45 and 55 millimeters. The dorsal surface of the wings is predominantly a deep dark brown, adorned on the forewings with a series of amber or golden-yellow hyaline spots arranged in a highly defined, oblique postdiscal band. On the ventral surface of the hindwings, a crucial diagnostic feature is present, consisting of a striking, irregularly shaped bright silvery band that contrasts vividly with the chestnut-brown background, helping to confuse potential predators during rest. The body is thick and covered with dense, olive-brown setae, while the antennae terminate in a strongly recurved apiculus characteristic of the Eudaminae subfamily.

Geographical distribution: Is primarily distributed throughout the Neotropical region of South America, with well-documented records extending from the inter-Andean valleys and eastern slopes of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, to the forested regions of western Brazil. Its altitudinal range is remarkably broad, spanning from sea level up to approximately 1800 meters above sea level, although it exhibits higher population densities within the premontane and Andean foothill transition zones where moisture levels remain constant throughout the year.

Habitat: Prefers to inhabit the margins of humid tropical forests, forest clearings, secondary growth areas, and riparian corridors. This taxon shows a distinct preference for the humid and shaded microclimates provided by the forest canopy, although it frequently ventures into open, sunny areas adjacent to bodies of water to regulate its body temperature. The presence of watercourses and damp alluvial soils is a key factor in determining the quality of its microclimatic habitat.

Feeding: During its larval stage, this insect displays strict dietary specificity, feeding on the leaves of various plants within the Fabaceae family, with a marked preference for genera such as Inga, Senna, and Dioclea. Adult individuals, on the other hand, possess a long proboscis adapted for nectar-feeding on a wide variety of flowers from families such as Asteraceae, Verbenaceae, and Rubiaceae. In addition to nectar feeding, adult males actively engage in mud-puddling, landing on damp soil, riverbank sand, and decaying organic matter to extract essential minerals and amino acids required for metabolic and reproductive success.

Behavior: Is characterized by an extremely fast, direct, and erratic flight pattern that makes visual tracking difficult. It is primarily diurnal, exhibiting its highest peak of activity during the middle of the day under intense solar radiation. Males are highly territorial and establish perches on exposed leaves at heights of one to three meters above the ground, from which they launch rapid pursuit flights against any intruder entering their aerial space. When resting, they typically keep their wings tightly closed over their body, exposing the cryptic, silvery ventral pattern to blend in with the surrounding vegetation.

Reproduction: The life cycle begins when the female deposits her eggs individually on the underside of young leaves of the selected host plant. Upon hatching, the caterpillar, which features a light green body and a dark head, constructs a rudimentary shelter by folding the edges of the leaf and securing them with silk threads to protect itself from nocturnal predators. Larval development progresses through five instars, during which the caterpillar accumulates energy reserves before transforming into a dark brown pupa that remains suspended inside the final leaf shelter or among the forest floor leaf litter until the adult emerges.

Conservation status: Is currently classified under the Least Concern (LC) category or remains globally unevaluated by the IUCN, owing to its extensive geographic distribution and the relative stability of its populations within protected areas of the Amazon basin. Nonetheless, local populations face significant pressure from deforestation, habitat fragmentation driven by agricultural expansion, and the indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides in ecological transition zones, which underscores the vital importance of preserving forested biological corridors across the Neotropics.



Compilation and publication: EcoRegistros – 15/09/2026




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Page 1
Record IDDateExact timeCountryProvince / departmentPlaceFilmedPhotographedRecorded vocalObservedHeardWounded or deadNumber of individualsUser or BibliographyDetail
62898415/10/2017ArgentinaEntre RíosReserva Privada El Potrero de San Lorenzo, GualeguaychúRomán Montero
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Please use the following reference when citing this species account.
EcoRegistros. 2026. Epargyreus tmolis – Species account. Accessed from www.ecoregistros.org on 15/09/2026.