Atelopus is a large genus of Bufonidae, commonly known as harlequin frogs or toads, from Central and South America, ranging as far north as Costa Rica and as far south as Bolivia. Atelopus species are small, generally brightly colored, and diurnal. Most species are associated with mid-to-high elevation streams.

This genus has been greatly affected by amphibian declines, with about 70% of species now considered endangered or extinct. While threatened by habitat loss, pollution, and introduced species, the primary cause of these declines appears to be the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.

Almost 40% of the described species in the genus are considered possibly extinct; this is raised to 45% when data deficient species are added; this number may be even higher, given that the genus contains many undescribed species that could also be extinct, and many of the species considered critically endangered but extant may have gone extinct after the last surveys that detected them, or could go extinct in the future. For example, there are 32 known Atelopus species (including half a dozen undescribed) in Ecuador. One of these is data deficient (its status is unclear), two are endangered and the remaining are critically endangered. Almost half the Ecuador species have not been recorded in a decade or more and are likely extinct. In some species conservationists have established captive colonies as a safeguard. However, of 80 species that had not been seen since the 1950s, 32 have been sighted in the 21st Century, albeit at dangerously low population numbers. Among the Atelopus species that have been rediscovered decades after their last sighting have been A. arsyescue, A. mindoensis, A. bomolochos, A. ignescens, A. balios, A. longirostris, A. subornatus, A. varius, A. carbonerensis and possibly A. guanujo. The mechanism whereby these species survived extinction remains to be discovered.

New Atelopus species are discovered with some regularity, and many new species have been described in the last decade. Among others, a new subspecies, popularly dubbed the purple fluorescent frog, was discovered in 2007 by scientists Paul Ouboter and Jan Mol during a follow-up survey of the Nassau plateau in Suriname. Leeanne Alonso from Conservation International, the organisation that led the expedition, said this frog may be threatened by illegal gold mining. It was described as a new subspecies of Atelopus hoogmoedi (itself considered a subspecies of A. spumarius by some), named A. h. nassaui in 2012. Two new species were also described in 2020: A. manauensis and A. moropukaqumir, both of which are highly threatened by the chytrid fungus and habitat destruction. Another new species, A. frontizero, was described in 2021.

Species: 

Image	Common name	Binomial name	Conservation status
	Andes stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1968}}	EN|54487|1}}
	Angelito stubfoot toad	Ardila-Robayo and Ruiz-Carranza, 1998}}	CR|54488|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Ardila´s stubfoot toad	Coloma, Duellman, Almendariz, Ron, Teran-Valdez, and Guayasamin, 2010}}	CR|18435521|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Starry night harlequin toad	Rueda-Almonacid, 1994}}	CR|54489|1}}
120px]]	Arthur´s stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	CR|54490|1}}
120px]]	Rio Pescado stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	CR|54491|1}}
120px]]	Purple harlequin toad	Lescure, 1981}}	LC|81645041|1}}
	Azuay stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	CR|54492|1}}
	Boulenger´s stubfoot toad	Peracca, 1904}}	CR|54493|1}}
	Calima harlequin toad	Velásquez Trujillo, Castro Herrera, Lötters & Plewnia, 2024}}	CR|54493|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Rio Carauta stubfoot toad	Ruiz-Carranza & Hernández-Camacho, 1978}}	DD|54494|1}}
120px]]	Venezuelan yellow frog or La Carbonera stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1974}}	CR|54495|1}}
120px]]	Guajira stubfoot toad	Ruthven, 1916}}	EN|54496|1}}
120px]]	Darien stubfoot toad or Toad Mountain harlequin frog	Barbour, 1923}}	CR|54497|1}}
120px]]	Chiriqui harlequin frog	Shreve, 1936}}	EX|54498|1}}
		Savage and Bolaños, 2009}}	DD|186064|1}}
	Chocó stubfoot toad	Lötters, 1992}}	CR|54499|1}} (possibly extinct)
		La Marca, 1996}}	CR|54500|1}}
		Atelopus colomai Plewnia, Terán-Valdez, Culebras, Boistel, Paluh, Quezada Riera, Heine, Reyes-Puig, Salazar-Valenzuela, Guayasamin & Lötters, 2024
120px]]	Rio Faisanes stubfoot toad	Miyata, 1980}}	CR|54501|1}}
120px]]	Veragua stubfoot toad	(Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856)}}	CR|54502|1}}
		Lötters, 2003}}	DD|54503|1}}
	Huila stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1963}} (possibly extinct)	CR|54504|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Elegant stubfoot toad	(Boulenger, 1882)}}	EN|54505|1}}
	Peruvian harlequin frog	Lötters, Schulte & Duellman, 2005}}	EN|136162|1}}
	Carabaya stubfoot toad	Boulenger, 1903}}	CR|54506|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Malvasa stubfoot toad	Rivero & Granados-Díaz, 1993}}	CR|54507|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Venegas, Catenazzi, Siu-Ting & Carrillo, 2008}}	CR|158466|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Mazán jambato frog	Boettger, 1892}}	EN|54508|1}}
		Rivero & Morales, 1995}}	CR|54509|1}}
	Forest stubfoot toad	Lynch, 1993}}	CR|54510|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Cayenne stubfoot toad	Duméril & Bibron, 1841}}	VU|54511|1}}
120px]]	Central Coast stubfoot toad	Lescure, 1974}}	LC|54512|1}}
	Border harlequin frog	Atelopus frontizero Veselý & Batista, 2021
	Antado stubfoot toad	Rivero & Serna, 1993}}	DD|54513|1}}
	Giant stubfoot toad	Coloma, Duellman, Almendáriz, Ron, Terán-Valdez, and Guayasamin, 2010}}	CR|18435526|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Pirri Range harlequin frog	Dunn, 1931}}	CR|54514|1}}
120px]]	Guanujo stubfoot toad	Coloma, 2002}}	CR|54515|1}} (possibly extinct)
	La Guitarra stubfoot toad	Osorno-Muñoz, Ardila-Robayo & Ruiz-Carranza, 2001}}	DD|54516|1}}
	Morona-Santiago stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	CR|54517|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Atelopus harlequin]] Coloma, Plewnia, Böning, Boistel, Ellwein, Lötters, Paluh, Roca-Rey Ross & Venegas, 2025
		Atelopus histrionicus Lötters, Plewnia, Böning, Boistel, Chaparro, Coloma, Ellwein, Orsen, Paluh & Venegas, 2025
120px]]	Hoogmoed harlequin toad	Lescure, 1974}}
120px]]	Quito stubfoot toad	(Cornalia, 1849)}}	CR|54518|1}}
120px]]	San Lorenzo stubfoot toad	Ruiz-Carranza, Ardila-Robayo & Hernández-Camacho, 1994}}	EN|54519|1}}
120px]]	Limosa harlequin frog	Ibáñez, Jaramillo & Solís, 1995}}	CR|54520|1}}
		De la Riva, Castroviejo-Fisher, Chaparro, Boistel, and Padial, 2011}}	NT|41712|1}}
	El Tambo stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1963}}	EN|54521|1}}
120px]]	Longnose stubfoot toad	Cope, 1868}}	CR|54520|1}}
		Osorno-Muñoz, Ardila-Robayo & Ruiz-Carranza, 2001}} (endangered)	EN|54523|1}}
	Lynch´s stubfoot toad	Cannatella, 1981}}	CR|54524|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Manaus harlequin frog	Atelopus manauensis´´ Jorge, Ferrão & Lima, 2020
		Osorno-Muñoz, Ardila-Robayo & Ruiz-Carranza, 2001}}	DD|54525|1}}
		Cochran and Goin, 1970}}	EN|54525|1}}
	Mindo stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	CR|54526|1}}
	Colombian stubfoot toad	Ruiz-Carranza, Hernández-Camacho & Ardila-Robayo, 1988}}	CR|54527|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Mittermeier´s stubfoot toad	Acosta-Galvis, Rueda-Almonacid, Velásquez-Álvarez, Sánchez-Pacheco & Peña Prieto, 2006}}	EN|136033|1}}
	Hernandez´s stubfoot toad	Ardila-Robayo, Osorno-Muñoz & Ruiz-Carranza, 2002}}	CR|54528|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Herrera-Alva, Díaz, Castillo, Rodolfo & Catenazzi, 2020}}
120px]]	Mucubaji stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1974}}	CR|54529|1}}
	La Arboleda stubfoot toad	Rueda-Almonacid & Hoyos, 1992}}	CR|54530|1}}
120px]]		Ruiz-Carranza, Ardila-Robayo & Hernández-Camacho, 1994}}	EN|54531|1}}
	Sad harlequin frog	Coloma, 2002}}	CR|54532|1}}
	Gualecenita stubfoot toad	Peters, 1973}}	EN|54533|1}}
	Niceforo´s stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1963}}	CR|54534|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Nocturnal harlequin toad	Bravo-Valencia and Rivera-Correa, 2011}}	CR|21567292|1}}
		Coloma, Lötters, Duellman & Miranda-Leiva, 2007}}	CR|136173|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Coloma, Duellman, Almendáriz, Ron, Terán-Valdez & Guayasamin, 2010}}	CR|18435530|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Lehr, Lötters, and Lundberg, 2008}}	EN|158545|1}}
	Rednose stubfoot toad	Boulenger, 1903}}	CR|54535|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Schmidt´s stubfoot toad	(Schmidt, 1857)}}	CR|54536|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Andersson´s stubfoot toad	Andersson, 1945}}	CR|54537|1}}
	Pastuso harlequin frog	Andersson, 1945}}	CR|54538|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Pataz stubfoot toad	Venegas, Catenazzi, Siu-Ting & Carrillo, 2008}}	CR|158467|1}}
	San Isidro stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1963}}	CR|54538|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Peru stubfoot toad	Gray & Cannatella, 1985}}	CR|54539|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Peters´ stubfoot toad	Coloma, Lötters, Duellman & Miranda-Leiva, 2007}}	CR|136038|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Painted stubfoot toad	Ardila-Robayo, 1999}}	CR|54540|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Kattan, 1986}}	CR|54541|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Pinango stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1982}}	CR|54542|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Napo stubfoot toad	Jiménez de la Espada, 1875}}	CR|54543|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Podocarpus stubfoot toad	Coloma, Duellman, Almendáriz, Ron, Terán-Valdez, and Guayasamin, 2010}}	CR|18435550|1}}
120px]]	Río Huallaga stubfoot toad	Boulenger, 1882}}	VU|54544|1}}
		Venegas & Barrio, 2006}}	CR|135890|1}}
	Quimbaya toad	Ruiz-Carranza & Osorno-Muñoz, 1994}}	CR|54545|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Lötters, Haas, Schick & Böhme, 2002}}	DD|54546|1}}
	Anori stubfoot toad	Rivero & Serna, 1989}}	CR|54547|1}}
	Upper Amazon stubfoot toad	Cope, 1874}}	EN|54548|1}}
	Pass stubfoot toad	Taylor, 1952}}	EX|54549|1}}
	Baldias harlequin toad	Ruiz-Carranza & Osorno-Muñoz, 1994}}	CR|54550|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Camouflaged harlequin toad	Ruiz-Carranza & Osorno-Muñoz, 1994}}	CR|54551|1}} (possibly extinct)
		Lötters &Henzl, 2000}}	DD|54552|1}}
	Sonsón stubfoot toad	Vélez-Rodriguez & Ruiz-Carranza, 1997}}	CR|54553|1}} (possibly extinct)
	Cloud forest stubfoot toad	La Marca, 1983}}	CR|54554|1}} (possibly extinct)
120px]]	Pebas stubfoot toad	Cope, 1871}}	VU|54555|1}}
120px]]	Condoto stubfoot toad	Boulenger, 1914}}	NT|54556|1}}
	Bogota stubfoot toad	Werner, 1899}}	CR|54557|1}}
120px]]	Venezuela stubfoot toad	La Marca, García-Pérez & Renjifo, 1990}}	CR|54558|1}}
120px]]	Three-colored stubfoot toad	Boulenger, 1902}}	CR|54559|1}}
120px]]	Veragoa stubfoot toad	(Lichtenstein & Martens, 1856)}}	CR|54560|1}}
	Maracay harlequin frog	Müller, 1934}}	EX|54561|1}}
	Walker´s stubfoot toad	Rivero, 1963}}	DD|54562|1}}
120px]]	Panamanian golden frog	Dunn, 1933}}	CR|54563|1}} (possibly extinct in the wild)