Melospiza melodia morphna

Melospiza melodia é uma ave de dimensões médias com distribuição natural na América do Norte. A espécie pertence ao género Melospiza, conhecido pelo nome comum de pardais-americanos, sendo a espécie deste grupo mais abundante, variável e adaptável.

• Arcese, P.; Sogge, M.K.; Marr, A.B. & Patten, M.A. (2002): Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia). In: Poole, A. & Gill, F.: The Birds of North America 704. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.
• Beecher, M.D.; Campbell, S.E. & Stoddard, P.K. (1994): Correlation of Song Learning and Territory Establishment Strategies in the Song Sparrow. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91(4): 1450-1454.
• California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) (2006): California Bird Species of Special Concern.
• Gabrielson, Ira N. & Lincoln, Frederick C. (1951): The Races of Song Sparrows in Alaska. Condor 53(5): 250-255.
• Hare, M.P. & Shields, G.F. (1992): Mitochondrial-DNA variation in the polytypic Alaskan song sparrow. Auk 109(1): 126-132.
• O´Loghlen, A.L. & Beecher; M.D. (1997): Sexual preferences for mate song types in female song sparrows. Animal Behavior 53(4): 835-841.
• Patten, M.A. (2001): The roles of habitat and signalling in speciation: evidence from a contact zone of two Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) subspecies. Ph.D. diss., Univ. of California, Riverside.
• Pruett, Christin; Gibson, Daniel D. & Winker, Kevin (2003): Amak Island Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia amaka) are not evolutionarily significant. Ornithological Science 3: 133–138.
• Smith, J.N.M.et al. (1997): A metapopulation approach to the population biology of the Song Sparrow Melospiza melodia. Ibis 138:4, 120-128 Online publication date: 1-Jan-1997.
• Stoddard, Beecher, M.D.; Horning, C.L. & Campbell, S.E. (1991): Recognition of individual neighbors by song in the song sparrow, a species with song repertoires. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 29(3): 211-215.