Bactris setosa is a species of flowering plant in the family Arecaceae. It is a palm tree with black and brown prickles, pinnate leaves, and black to purplish fruits. It is native to Brazil, and was described in 1826.

Taxonomy: Bactris setosa was described by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in 1826.

Distribution: Bactris setosa is native to the wet tropical biome of north-east, south, and south-east Brazil. The species is present in the central Brazilian savanna, the Atlantic forest, and the Pampas region.

The species grows in riverine, coastal, seasonally semideciduous, and gallery forests. It is present in open, low, swampy areas, often in standing water, at elevations of .

 Bactris setosa is a shrub or palm tree. It grows high. The stems are wide, and form large clumps. The stems have black, yellowish, and brown prickles, which are up to 6 cm long.

Each plant has two to five leaves, which grow on stems. The leaves are pinnate, with segments arranged regularly, or in clusters of two to eight. The leaves have thirty to fifty-seven pairs of segments.

The inflorescences grow on stems. The male flowers are long, and have six stamens. The sepal lobes of male flowers are long. The petals are long. The female flowers are long. The calyx is cup-shaped, and long. The corolla is urn-shaped, and long.

The fruits are in diameter, black to purplish, roughly spherical, and have a smooth epicarp. The mesocarp is juicy, and the endocarp is oblong.

Ecology: Bactris setosa is eaten by the lowland paca, the Brazilian squirrel, and the golden-headed lion tamarin.

Names: In Portuguese, the species is known as , , , , or .